Between 20-92% of patients treated for cancer develop toxicities that often go unaddressed, limiting their functioning, health, quality of life, and ability to work. To optimize patient wellness, we must prevent these conditions where possible or prescribe timely therapies that reduce impairment and prevent disability when impairments cannot be eliminated. This involves building a better model of care where toxicity risk and assessment begins at the time of cancer diagnosis and continue through and beyond cancer treatment. In this model, physical impairments and psychosocial symptoms are assessed and treated and exercise and nutrition interventions are provided to optimize functioning, health, and quality of life. To implement this vision, the United States is working on simultaneous strategies to improve oncology and survivorship care. Efforts include implementing evidence-based changes in healthcare delivery, patient education and empowerment, provider training, and policy reform, and informing new research initiatives to fill emerging gap areas.